As the impedance ratio of two dissimilar materials increases, the percentage of sound coupled through an interface of such materials:

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Multiple Choice

As the impedance ratio of two dissimilar materials increases, the percentage of sound coupled through an interface of such materials:

Explanation:
When an ultrasonic wave hits an interface between two materials with different acoustic impedances, part of the energy is transmitted and part is reflected. The amount that gets transmitted depends on how different the impedances are. The energy transmission fraction at normal incidence is described by η = 4 Z1 Z2 /(Z1+Z2)^2. As the impedance ratio Z2/Z1 grows larger, this expression becomes smaller, meaning less energy is transmitted across the interface. In other words, greater impedance mismatch leads to more reflection and less sound coupled into the second material. If the impedances are equal, transmission is maximized; with large mismatch, the transmitted percentage diminishes toward zero.

When an ultrasonic wave hits an interface between two materials with different acoustic impedances, part of the energy is transmitted and part is reflected. The amount that gets transmitted depends on how different the impedances are. The energy transmission fraction at normal incidence is described by η = 4 Z1 Z2 /(Z1+Z2)^2. As the impedance ratio Z2/Z1 grows larger, this expression becomes smaller, meaning less energy is transmitted across the interface. In other words, greater impedance mismatch leads to more reflection and less sound coupled into the second material. If the impedances are equal, transmission is maximized; with large mismatch, the transmitted percentage diminishes toward zero.

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